Shin ka taɓa gwada taɓa gilashin da aka yi wa fenti? Ƙarfin da ke da santsi kamar daskarewar hazo da safe a yatsanka. A cikin masana'antarmu, idan muna magana ne game da wanda zai iya "yi wa" gilashin ado da kyau, farin alumina mai haɗa yashi tabbas ƙwararre ne. A yau, zan yi magana game da wannan tsari na yau da kullun amma na musamman a fannin etching gilashi.
Haɗuwa ta Farko da Farin Alumina Mai Haɗawa: "Ƙaramin Lu'u-lu'u" Mara Tausayi
Shekaru goma da suka wuce, na fara haɗuwa dafarin alumina mai haɗe narkakken yashi. Mai ba ni shawara ya nuna jakar farin granules na yau da kullun ya ce, "Kada ku ruɗe ku da kamanninsa mara girman kai; wannan shine 'allura' don ƙera gilashi." Daga baya, na fahimci cewa farin alumina da aka haɗa nau'in alumina ne mai lu'ulu'u, tare da taurin Mohs na 9, wanda ya fi lu'u-lu'u. Amma keɓancewarsa tana cikin daidaito tsakanin tauri da tauri - mai ƙarfi don goge gilashi, amma ba mai kaifi ba har ya lalata substrate. Shirya wannan kayan kuma abin sha'awa ne. Bauxite, wanda aka narke a sama da digiri 2000 na Celsius a cikin tanderun lantarki, yana lu'ulu'u a hankali cikin waɗannan fararen barbashi. Kowane barbashi yana kama da ƙaramin polyhedron; a ƙarƙashin na'urar hangen nesa, gefunansa sun bambanta amma ba su da kaifi sosai. Wannan siffa ta zahiri ce ta sa ya zama matsakaici mai kyau don ƙera gilashi.
"Lokacin Sihiri" a cikin Bita na Fasa Yashi
Da shigarsa wurin aikin busar da yashi, sautin farko yana kama da iska mai ci gaba, amma da zarar an saurara sosai, sai ya haɗu da wata ƙara mai kyau ta "shh", kamar tsutsotsi masu cin ganye. Mai aiki Lao Li, sanye da abin rufe fuska, yana riƙe da bindigar feshi yana motsa shi a hankali a saman gilashin. Ta taga mai lura, za ku iya ganin farin yashi yana fitowa daga bututun, yana buga gilashin mai haske, nan take yana laushi da duhun samansa. "Hannu dole ne su kasance a miƙe, motsi dole ne ya kasance daidai," Lao Li sau da yawa yana maimaitawa. Nisa tsakanin bindigar feshi da gilashin, saurin motsi, da ƙananan canje-canje a kusurwa duk suna shafar sakamakon ƙarshe. Kusa da shi ko tsayi sosai, kuma gilashin zai yi kama da rubutu mai yawa, har ma yana haifar da alamomi marasa daidaito; nesa da shi, kuma tasirin ba zai bayyana ba kuma ba shi da zurfi. Wannan injin ɗin ya kasance ba za a iya maye gurbinsa da injuna ba saboda yana buƙatar "ji" ga halayen kayan.
Keɓancewar Farin Alumina Mai Haɗawa: Me Ya Sa?
Za ka iya tambaya, tare da kayan shafe yashi da yawa, me yasa ake amfani da shi?farin alumina mai haɗeAna fifita shi a aikin sassaka gilashi? Na farko, taurinsa daidai ne. Kayayyaki masu laushi, kamar yashi silica, ba su da inganci sosai kuma suna haifar da gurɓataccen ƙura cikin sauƙi; kayan da suka fi tauri, kamar silicon carbide, na iya lalata saman gilashin cikin sauƙi, har ma da ƙananan fasa. Farin alumina da aka haɗa yana kama da mai sassaka daidai, yana cire abu daga saman gilashin ba tare da lalata tsarinsa ba. Na biyu, ana iya sarrafa siffa da girman ƙwayoyin alumina da aka haɗa fari. Ta hanyar tsarin sifewa, ana iya samun samfuran da girman ƙwayoyin cuta daban-daban daga ƙaiƙayi zuwa ƙaiƙayi. Ana amfani da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta don cire kayan cikin sauri, suna haifar da tasirin sanyi mai ƙarfi; ana amfani da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta don gogewa mai laushi ko ƙirƙirar tasirin matte mai laushi. Wannan sassauci ba shi da kwatanci da sauran kayan shafa yashi da yawa. Bugu da ƙari, farin alumina da aka haɗa yana da daidaito a sinadarai, baya amsawa da gilashi, kuma baya barin gurɓatawa a saman. Gilashin da aka haɗa yana buƙatar tsaftacewa mai sauƙi kawai, wanda yake da mahimmanci musamman a cikin samar da taro.
Daga Samar da Kayan Tattaki zuwa Ƙirƙirar Fasaha
Amfani da farin fenti mai kauri alumina a masana'antu ya riga ya zama ruwan dare. Zane-zane a kan ƙofofin gilashin bandaki, tambarin da ke kan kwalaben giya, da zane-zanen ado a kan fuskokin gini duk samfuran fenti ne na yashi. Amma ƙila ba ku san cewa wannan fasaha tana shiga duniyar fasaha a hankali ba. A bara, na ziyarci wani baje kolin fasahar gilashi na zamani. Wani abu ya burge ni sosai: bangon gilashi gaba ɗaya, wanda aka yi wa fenti mai kauri daban-daban, ya haifar da tasirin juyi kamar zanen shimfidar wuri. Daga nesa, ya bayyana a matsayin tsaunuka masu duhu; bayan an duba sosai ne kawai za a iya gano ƙananan yadudduka na haske da inuwa. Mai zane ya gaya mini cewa ya gwada kayan fenti daban-daban kuma a ƙarshe ya zaɓi farin fenti mai kauri saboda yana ba da mafi kyawun iko akan launin toka. "Kowace ƙwayar farin fenti mai kauri tana kama da digon tawada mai kyau," in ji shi. "Dubban waɗannan 'digon tawada' ne suka cika hoton gaba ɗaya."
Cikakkun Bayanan Sana'a: Da alama Mai Sauƙi, Amma Mai Tsauri
Aikinfarin yashi mai kauri na aluminana iya zama kamar abu mai sauƙi, amma a zahiri ya ƙunshi abubuwa da yawa masu rikitarwa. Na farko shine sarrafa matsin lamba na iska. Yawancin lokaci ana kiyaye matsin lamba a cikin kewayon 4-7 kgf/cm². Ƙarancin matsin lamba yana haifar da rashin isasshen tasiri daga barbashi masu gogewa; matsin lamba da yawa na iya lalata saman gilashin. Wannan kewayon matsin lamba shine "yankin zinare" da aka gano ta hanyar tsararraki na ƙwarewa. Na biyu, akwai nisan da ke lalata yashi. Gabaɗaya, nisan bututun ƙarfe na 15-30 cm daga saman gilashin yana ba da mafi kyawun sakamako. Duk da haka, wannan nisa yana buƙatar a daidaita shi da sassauƙa bisa ga kauri gilashin, zurfin etching da ake buƙata, da kuma sarkakiyar tsari. Ƙwararrun ma'aikata za su iya tantance nisan da ya dace ta hanyar duba sauti da gani. Sannan akwai sake amfani da barbashi masu gogewa. Ana iya sake amfani da alumina mai inganci sau 5-8, amma tare da ƙarin amfani, barbashi suna zagaye a hankali, suna rage ingancin yankewa. A wannan lokacin, ana buƙatar ƙara sabon alumina ko a maye gurbin dukkan rukunin. Yin la'akari da "gajiya" na barbashi masu gogewa ya dogara ne akan gogewa - lura da canje-canje a cikin tasirin fashewar yashi da kuma jin bambancin ji yayin aiki.
Matsaloli da Mafita: Hikima a Aiki
Duk wani tsari yana fuskantar matsaloli, kuma farin fenti mai launin alumina ba banda bane. Matsalar da ta fi yawa ita ce gefunan zane masu duhu. Wannan yawanci yana faruwa ne sakamakon rashin daidaituwa tsakanin samfurin fenti mai launin yashi da gilashin, wanda ke ba da damar barbashi masu launin yashi su ratsa ta cikin gibin. Maganin yana da sauƙi - kawai danna samfurin sosai - amma a zahiri, zaɓin tef ɗin da dabarar amfani suna da mahimmanci. Xiao Wang a cikin taron bitarmu ya ƙirƙiri hanyar amfani da layuka biyu: da farko, yi amfani da tef mai laushi azaman Layer na buffer, sannan a gyara shi da tef mai ƙarfi, wanda ke rage matsalar zubewar yashi a gefuna sosai. Wata matsala ita ce saman da bai daidaita ba. Wannan na iya zama saboda motsi mara daidaituwa na bindiga mai feshi ko kuma rashin daidaituwa na danshi na hatsi mai launin yashi. Kodayake farin alumina mai launin yashi yana da daidaito a sinadarai, idan ba a adana shi yadda ya kamata ba kuma an fallasa shi ga danshi, barbashin za su haɗu wuri ɗaya, wanda ke shafar daidaiton fenti mai launin yashi. Hanyarmu ta yanzu ita ce shigar da ƙaramin na'urar bushewa a mashigar injin fenti mai launin yashi don tabbatar da bushewar hatsi mai launin yashi iri ɗaya.
Yiwuwar Nan Gaba: Sake Haihuwar Tsarin Gargajiya
Tare da ci gaban fasaha, yin amfani da farin alumina mai haɗakar yashi yana ci gaba da ƙirƙira. Zuwan injunan yin amfani da yashi na CNC ya sa samar da manyan tsare-tsare masu rikitarwa ya yiwu; haɓaka sabbin kayan samfuri yana ba da damar ƙarin tsare-tsare masu rikitarwa. Duk da haka, ina ganin mafi ban sha'awa ga wannan tsari shine haɗakarsa da fasahar dijital. Wasu ɗakunan studio sun fara gwaji tare da canza hotunan dijital kai tsaye zuwa sigogin yin amfani da yashi, sarrafa hanyar motsi na bindigar feshi dayashi mai fashewaƙarfi ta hanyar shirye-shirye don "buga" hotuna tare da sautunan ci gaba akan gilashi. Wannan yana riƙe da yanayin musamman na fashewar yashi yayin da yake shawo kan iyakokin fasaha na samfuran gargajiya. Duk da haka, komai ci gaban fasahar, saurin aiki da hannu da kuma fahimtar fahimta don daidaitawa da yanayin kayan a ainihin lokaci har yanzu yana da wahala ga injuna su maye gurbin gaba ɗaya. Wataƙila alkiblar gaba ba injina ne ke maye gurbin mutane ba, amma haɗin gwiwar ɗan adam da injin - injunan da ke kula da ayyuka masu maimaitawa, yayin da mutane ke mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da matakai masu mahimmanci.