Alkiblar ci gaba a nan gaba da kuma ci gaban fasaha na farin corundum micropod
Yayin da Li Gong ke shiga wani taron masana'antu na musamman a Shenzhen, ya damu da na'urar hangen nesa - tarin abubuwan da aka yi amfani da su don gilashin lithography sun yi ƙaiƙayi a saman su. Bayan sun maye gurbin sabon ƙaramin sodium da aka ƙera.farin foda mai siffar corundumYana goge ruwa da wani mai ƙera shi, ƙasusuwan sun ɓace ta hanyar mu'ujiza. "Wannan foda kamar tana da idanu ne, kuma tana 'cizon' ƙuraje ne kawai ba tare da ta cutar da substrate ba!" Bai iya daina ba sai ya mari kansa ya kuma yaba. Wannan yanayin yana nuna canjin fasaha da masana'antar farin corundum micropowder ke fuskanta. Haƙoran masana'antu da suka taɓa zama ƙura suna canzawa zuwa "nano scalpels" don kera kayayyaki masu inganci.
1. Matsalolin da masana'antar ke fuskanta a yanzu: Masana'antar ƙananan foda a mahadar canji
Kasuwar ƙananan foda na farin corundum ta duniya da alama tana bunƙasa - China, a matsayinta na babbar mai samar da kayayyaki, tana da fiye da kashi 60% na samarwa a duniya, kuma girman kasuwa zai wuce biliyan 10 a shekarar 2022227. Amma lokacin da ka shiga yankin masana'antar da ke Gongyi, Henan, shugabannin suna girgiza kawunansu game da kaya: "Ba za a iya sayar da kayayyaki masu rahusa ba, kuma ba za a iya samar da kayayyaki masu tsada ba." Wannan ya bayyana manyan matsaloli guda biyu a masana'antar:
Ƙananan ƙarfin aiki: Kayayyakin ƙananan foda na gargajiya suna da kama da juna, suna cikin yanayin yaƙin farashi, kuma ribar da aka samu ta faɗi ƙasa da kashi 10%.
Samar da kayayyaki masu inganci bai isa ba:Foda mai ƙananan foda mai matakin Semiconductorhar yanzu yana dogara ne akan shigo da kayayyaki daga ƙasashen waje, kuma ana sayar da samfurin tsafta na wani kamfani na ƙasashen waje mai kashi 99.99% akan farashin har zuwa yuan 500,000 a kowace tan, wanda ya ninka na kayayyakin cikin gida sau 8.
Abin da ya fi muni shi ne cewa la'anar kare muhalli tana ƙara ta'azzara. A bara, an ci wani tsohon masana'anta a Zibo, Shandong tarar miliyan 1.8 saboda wuce matsayin iskar gas mai gurbata muhalli. Shugaban ya yi murmushi mai zafi: "Kudin kariyar muhalli yana cinye riba, amma idan ba ka sanya sabbin kayan aiki ba, dole ne ka rufe!" 8 Lokacin da abokan ciniki na ƙasa suka fara buƙatar takaddun shaidar sawun carbon, zamanin samar da kayayyaki ya shiga ƙidayar lokaci.
2. Nasarorin Fasaha: Ana ci gaba da fafatawa hudu
(1) Shirye-shiryen Nanoscale: yaƙin mayar da "ƙananan foda" zuwa "ƙananan foda"
Gasar girman barbashi: Manyan kamfanoni sun cimma nasarar samar da ƙananan foda a ƙasa da nanometer 200, wanda da'ira ɗaya ce kawai ta fi sabon coronavirus girma (kimanin nanometer 100).
Nasarar Fasahar Watsawa: Tsarin rarraba sinadarin hydraulic da kamfanin Hanshou Jincheng ya yi, wanda aka yi wa lasisi, ya magance matsalar tara sinadarin ta hanyar ƙara sinadarin hydraulic, wanda ke matse yawan sinadarin da ke taruwa daga ±30% zuwa cikin ±5%.
Kula da Tsarin Halitta: Gyaran siffar jiki yana ba da damar ƙararrawar mirgina ta ƙananan foda don maye gurbin gogayya mai zamiya, kuma ƙimar lalacewar gogewa ta ragu da kashi 70%.6. Wani injiniya daga wani kamfanin Japan ya bayyana shi da cewa: "Yana kama da maye gurbin tsakuwa da ƙwallo mai gilashi, kuma yuwuwar karyewa ta kan faɗi ta halitta."
(2) Juyin juya halin sodium mai ƙarancin yawa: Tsarkakakken abu ne ke ƙayyade ƙima
Masana'antar semiconductor ba ta son sodium ions - gurɓatar sodium mai girman ƙwayar gishiri na iya lalata wafer gaba ɗaya. Foda mai ƙarancin sodium (abun da ke cikin Na2O ≤ 0.02%) ya zama abin sha'awa:
Haɓaka fasahar narkewar arc: Ana karɓar narkewar iskar gas mara aiki, kuma ƙimar sodium volatilization ta ƙaru da kashi 40%.
Tsarin maye gurbin kayan da aka yi da ɗanyen itace: Ana amfani da Kaolin don maye gurbin bauxite, kuma sinadarin sodium yana raguwa da fiye da kashi 60% ta halitta.
Duk da cewa farashin wannan nau'in samfurin ya ninka na foda na yau da kullun sau uku, amma yana da ƙarancin wadata. Layin sodium mai ƙarancin sodium da aka sanya a masana'anta a Jiangxi yana da oda har zuwa 2026.
(3)Masana'antu masu kore: hikimar da kariyar muhalli ta tilasta
Sake Amfani da Kayan Danye: Fasahar sake amfani da ƙafafun niƙa shara na iya ƙara yawan sake amfani da foda shara zuwa kashi 85%, wanda ke rage farashin da yuan 4,000 a kowace tan.
Juyin Tsarin: Tsarin yin foda busasshe ya maye gurbin hanyar danshi gaba ɗaya, kuma fitar da ruwan shara ya ragu zuwa sifili. Kamfanonin Henan sun gabatar da tsarin dawo da zafi na sharar gida, kuma yawan amfani da makamashi ya ragu da kashi 35%.
Sauya sharar gida mai ƙarfi: Wata masana'anta a Liaocheng, Lardin Shandong ta mayar da sharar gida ta zama kayan gini masu hana wuta, wanda hakan ke samar da kudaden shiga na Yuan miliyan 2 kowace shekara. Shugaban ya yi barkwanci: "A da, kare muhalli hanya ce ta siyan aminci, amma yanzu sabuwar hanya ce ta samun kuɗi."
(4) Samar da fasaha: tsallakawa bisa ga bayanai bisa ga daidaito
A cikin bitar dijital ta Zhengzhou Xinli, babban allon yana nuna lanƙwasa rarrabawar girman barbashi na micropowder a ainihin lokaci. "Tsarin rarraba AI zai iya daidaita sigogin iska ta yadda ƙimar cancantar samfuri za ta tashi daga 82% zuwa 98%. Daraktan fasaha ya nuna kayan aikin gudu kuma ya ce 6. Sa ido kan layi na na'urar nazarin girman barbashi ta laser tare da tsarin koyon injin zai iya samun ra'ayi na mataki na biyu kan canjin inganci, yana yin bankwana da yanayin "bayan dubawa" na gargajiya.
3. Fagen daga nan gaba: kyakkyawan sauyi daga ƙafafun niƙa zuwa guntu
Na gaba "hanyar zinare"Na farin corundum micropowder yana buɗewa:
Marufi na Semiconductor: ana amfani da shi don rage sirara da goge silicon wafer, tare da karuwar buƙatun duniya na shekara-shekara sama da 25%
Sabon filin makamashi: a matsayin kayan shafa batirin lithium, inganta juriyar zafi da kuma ion conductivity
Biomedical: Nano-polishing na gyaran haƙori na yumbu, tare da daidaiton buƙatar micron 0.1
Juyin halittar farin corundum micropowder wani ƙaramin abu ne na haɓaka masana'antu a China. Lokacin da tsohuwar masana'anta a Zibo ta yi amfani da bugu na 3D don sake gina filin kwararar mashin ɗin calcining, kuma lokacin da ƙungiyar Kwalejin Kimiyya ta China ta haɓaka ƙananan ƙwayoyin alumina guda ɗaya a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje, sakamakon wannan "yaƙin micrometer" ba a sake tantance shi ta hanyar ƙarfin samarwa na yanzu ba, amma ta wa zai iya ayyana ginshiƙin masana'anta na gaba tare da daidaiton nanometer.