Tsarin Shiri da kuma Fa'idodin Amfani da Farin Fused Alumina Micropowder
Mutane da yawa na iya samun sunan "farin foda mai haɗe da alumina"ba a saba da shi ba da zarar an fara jin sa. Duk da haka, idan muka ambaci niƙa murfin gilashin wayar hannu, goge daidai bearings, ko kayan marufi na guntu, kowa zai gane shi - samar da waɗannan samfuran duk ya dogara ne akan wannan farin foda mai kama da ba shi da mahimmanci. Wannan abu ba shi da laushi kamar gari; yana da tauri mai yawa da kaddarorin karko, wanda hakan ya sa ya zama suna na "haƙoran masana'antu" a duniyar masana'antu. Cimma aikin sarrafa micropowder yana buƙatar ƙwarewa mai kyau.
I. Tsarin Shiri: Kwarewa Ɗari a Cikin Tsarin Mai Sauƙi
Shirya farin foda na alumina ba wai kawai batun niƙa manyan guntu ba ne. Kamar shirya abincin Huaiyang mai kyau, dole ne a sarrafa kowane mataki, daga zaɓin sinadaran zuwa girki, daidai. Mataki na farko shine "zaɓar kayan da ya dace." Babban kayan da ake amfani da su wajen shirya farin alumina da aka haɗa shine foda na alumina na masana'antu, kuma tsarkin wannan foda kai tsaye yana ƙayyade "asalin" micropowder. A da, wasu masana'antu suna amfani da kayan da ba su da tsarki don adana kuɗi, wanda ke haifar da ƙananan foda tare da ƙarin ƙazanta, wanda ke haifar da ƙyalli cikin sauƙi lokacin goge kayan aiki. Yanzu, kowa ya fi wayo kuma zai fi son kashe kuɗi da yawa don siyan alumina mai tsarki fiye da lalata sunansu a matakai na gaba. Gabaɗaya, abubuwan da ke cikin alumina dole ne su wuce 99.5%, kuma dole ne a sarrafa ƙazanta kamar ƙarfe da silicon sosai.
Mataki na biyu shine "narkewa da lu'ulu'u," lokacin "haihuwa" nafarin alumina mai haɗe. Ana saka foda na alumina a cikin tanderun lantarki, inda zafin jiki ya tashi zuwa sama da 2000℃ - abin mamaki ne kwarai da gaske. Babban abu a cikin tsarin narkewa shine sarrafa saurin sanyaya. Sanyaya da sauri yana haifar da rashin daidaiton girman ƙwayoyin lu'ulu'u; sanyaya da jinkiri yana shafar ingancin samarwa. Ƙwararrun ma'aikata sun dogara da ƙwarewa don sauraron sautin baka na lantarki da kuma lura da launin harshen wuta a buɗewar tanderun don tantance yanayin da ke cikin tanderun. Kodayake tsarin sa ido kan zafin jiki mai wayo yanzu yana samuwa, wannan ƙwarewar "haɗakar da mutum da tanderun" har yanzu tana da matuƙar amfani.
Dole ne a fara "danne" tubalan lu'ulu'u na alumina masu launin fari da aka haɗa, waɗanda ke da tauri fiye da lu'u-lu'u kawai, ta amfani da na'urar murƙushe muƙamuƙi. A wannan matakin, ƙwayoyin har yanzu suna kama da ƙananan duwatsu, ba a ƙara musu micronized ba.
Mataki na uku, "rushewa da kuma daidaita darajar fasaha," shine ainihin tushen fasahar kuma shine mafi yawan waɗanda ke fuskantar matsaloli.
A shekarun baya, masana'antu da yawa suna amfani da injin niƙa ƙwallo, suna dogara ne akan tasirin ƙwallan ƙarfe don niƙa ƙwallo. Duk da cewa wannan hanyar tana da matsaloli da yawa: na farko, tana haifar da gurɓatar ƙarfe cikin sauƙi; na biyu, siffar ƙwallo ba ta da tsari, galibi kusurwa ce; na uku kuma, rarraba girman ƙwallo ya faɗi, tare da wasu ƙwallo masu kyau sosai wasu kuma masu kauri sosai. An rage wannan hanyar sosai a aikace-aikace masu kyau.
A halin yanzu, hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita ita ce niƙa jirgin sama mai amfani da iska. Ka'idar tana da ban sha'awa sosai: ƙwayoyin cuta masu kauri suna hanzarta ta hanyar iska mai sauri, suna sa su yi karo da juna, don haka suna murƙushe su. Duk tsarin yana faruwa ne a cikin tsarin rufewa, ba tare da wata ƙazanta ba. Mafi mahimmanci, ta hanyar daidaita matsin lamba na iska da saurin mai rarrabawa, ana iya sarrafa girman ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙarshe daidai gwargwado. Idan aka yi shi da kyau, ana iya samun ƙwayoyin cuta masu siffar ƙwallo ko kusa da siffar ƙwallo, tare da ingantaccen kwarara, wanda hakan zai sa su fi dacewa da gogewa daidai. Duk da haka, injinan injinan injinan injinan iska ba magani bane. Lalacewar kayan aiki na iya haifar da gurɓatar ƙarfe, kuma daidaiton ƙafafun mai rarrabawa yana ƙayyade faɗin rarraba girman ƙwayoyin. Na ziyarci wani kamfani mai kyau inda ake duba ƙafafun masu rarrabawa don zagaye kowane mako ta amfani da kayan aikin daidai; duk wani ƙaramin karkacewa ana gyara shi nan take ko maye gurbinsa. Manajan samarwa ya ce, "Yana kama da tayoyin mota; idan daidaiton motsi ya kashe, motar ba za ta yi aiki yadda ya kamata ba."
Mataki na ƙarshe shine "cire datti da kuma maganin saman." Dole ne a wanke foda da aka niƙa a cikin acid ko kuma a yi masa magani mai zafi don cire baƙin ƙarfe da ƙazanta daga saman. Don wasu aikace-aikace na musamman, ana buƙatar gyaran saman - misali, shafa shi da silane coupling agent don foda ya bazu ko'ina cikin resins ko fenti, yana hana haɗuwa. A duk tsawon aikin, za ku ga cewa daga ma'adinai zuwa foda, kowane mataki gwagwarmaya ce da tauri, tsarki, da girman barbashi. Duk wani gajeriyar hanya a cikin aikin zai bayyana a cikin aikin samfurin.
II. Abubuwan da ake buƙata don amfani: Babban mataki ga ƙananan foda
Idan tsarin shiri shine "haɓaka ƙwarewar ciki," to masu sha'awar aikace-aikacen suna "shiga cikin duniya." Duniyar farin alumina micropowder tana ƙara zama mai faɗi.
Babban mataki na farko shine daidaitogogewa da niƙawaWannan shine ƙarfinsa na gargajiya, amma buƙatun suna ƙara zama masu wahala. Misali, goge gilashin wayar hannu, abubuwan da aka yi da saffir, da wafers na silicon yanzu suna buƙatar ƙaiƙayi a saman matakin nanometer. Wannan yana sanya buƙatu masu tsauri akan farin alumina micropowder: girman barbashi dole ne ya kasance iri ɗaya sosai (an sarrafa shi sosai D50), ba tare da manyan barbashi da ke haifar da matsala ba; barbashi dole ne su sami babban tauri amma halayen "mai kaifin kai" masu dacewa - dole ne su iya fallasa sabbin gefuna masu kaifi yayin lalacewa don ci gaba da iya gogewa; kuma dole ne su sami kyakkyawan jituwa da slurries na gogewa.
Kasuwa ta uku mai yuwuwa ita ce ƙarfafa kayan haɗin gwiwa. Ƙara farin foda mai haɗe alumina zuwa injinan robobi, roba, ko kayan haɗin ƙarfe na iya inganta juriyar lalacewa, tauri, da kuma yanayin zafi sosai na kayan. Misali, wasu sassan da ke jure lalacewa a cikin injunan mota da kuma sassan samfuran lantarki masu inganci suna bincika wannan aikace-aikacen. Mabuɗin a nan shine matsalar "haɗin intanet" - microfowder da kayan matrix dole ne su "haɗu da ƙarfi," wanda ke dawo mana da mahimmancin hanyoyin magance saman. Hanya ta huɗu ta zamani ita ce kayan bugawa na 3D. A cikin fasahar bugawa ta 3D kamar zaɓin laser sintering (SLS), ana iya amfani da farin foda mai haɗe alumina azaman matakin ƙarfafawa, haɗe da foda na ƙarfe ko yumbu, don buga sassan da ke jure lalacewa tare da siffofi masu rikitarwa. Wannan yana gabatar da sabbin ƙalubale ga iyawar kwarara, yawan yawa, da rarraba girman barbashi na foda mai ƙura - Layer foda iri ɗaya yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da daidaiton bugawa.
III. Kalubale da Makomar: Matsaloli da Nasarorin da Suka Faru
Duk da cewa akwai kyakkyawan fata, akwai ƙalubale da yawa da suka rage. Babban ƙalubalen yana cikin manyan kayayyaki. Misali, a cikin foda mai launin fari mai launin fari da aka yi amfani da shi don goge guntu (CMP), kayayyakin cikin gida har yanzu suna baya ga manyan kayayyaki daga Japan da Jamus a cikin kwanciyar hankali da kuma sarrafa barbashi. Wani darektan sayayya a wani kamfanin kayan semiconductor ya gaya mini, "Ba wai ba ma goyon bayan kayayyakin cikin gida ba ne, kawai dai ba za mu iya ɗaukar kasadar ba ne. Idan rukuni ɗaya ya sami matsala, dole ne a yi watsi da dukkan wafers na layin samarwa, wanda zai haifar da asara mai yawa."
Dalilan da ke bayan wannan suna da sarkakiya: Na farko, kayan aikin niƙa da tantancewa masu inganci har yanzu suna dogara ne akan shigo da kaya daga ƙasashen waje; kayan aikinmu suna da baya a daidaito da dorewa. Na biyu, daidaiton sarrafa tsari bai isa ba; sau da yawa, har yanzu yana dogara ne akan ƙwarewar ƙwararrun ma'aikata, ba tare da cikakken fahimtar ikon sarrafa bayanai da hankali ba. Na uku, hanyoyin gwaji ba su da kyau; misali, ƙididdigar daidaiton ƙwayoyin da ba su kai micromita 0.5 ba da kuma saurin nazarin ƙididdiga na yanayin ƙwayoyin cuta ɗaya - waɗannan kayan aikin gwaji masu inganci galibi suna fitowa ne daga ƙasashen waje. Duk da haka, babu buƙatar zama mai rashin bege. Wasu kamfanonin cikin gida suna ci gaba. Wasu suna haɗin gwiwa da jami'o'i don nazarin tsarin niƙa ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin injin niƙa jiragen sama, ta hanyar ka'ida, suna inganta sigogin tsari; wasu suna saka hannun jari sosai wajen gina layukan samarwa masu wayo, tare da duk mahimman sigogin tsari da ake sa ido a kansu akan layi kuma ana daidaita su ta atomatik; har yanzu wasu suna haɓaka sabbin fasahohin gyaran saman don sa foda mai micronized yayi aiki mafi kyau a cikin yanayi daban-daban na aikace-aikace.
Ina ganin yanayin ci gaba na gaba zai ci gaba ta hanyoyi da dama: Keɓancewa: Keɓance foda mai ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta tare da girma dabam-dabam, siffofi, da halayen saman bisa ga takamaiman buƙatun abokin ciniki - zamanin "girman ɗaya-ya dace da kowa" ya ƙare. Samarwa Mai Hankali: Samun ingantaccen tsarin samarwa ta hanyar Intanet na Abubuwa, manyan bayanai, da kuma fasahar wucin gadi don tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali. Masana'antar Kore: Rage amfani da makamashi da gurɓatawa, kamar ingantawa wajen adana makamashi a cikin tsarin niƙa da sake amfani da foda mai sharar gida. Ƙirƙirar Aikace-aikace: Ƙara haɗin gwiwa tare da abokan ciniki na ƙasa don haɓaka aikace-aikace a fannoni masu tasowa, kamar shafa sabbin na'urorin raba batirin makamashi da sarrafa matatun yumbu na 5G.
Labarinfarin alumina mai haɗeFoda mai siffar micronized ƙaramin abu ne na canji da haɓaka masana'antar masana'antu ta China. Tun daga farkon "niƙa da sayarwa" mai sauƙi da ɗanyen abu zuwa ga "mafita tsarin" da aka gyara a yanzu, wannan hanyar ta ɗauki shekaru da yawa. Wannan yana nuna mana cewa gasa ta gaske ba ta cikin mallakar albarkatu ba, amma a cikin fahimtar kayan aiki da kuma cikakken iko akan hanyoyin aiki. Sarrafa girman ƙwayoyin cuta, siffa, da tsarkin kowane ƙaramin foda, da kuma inganta kowane tsarin samarwa, yana buƙatar haƙuri da kuma, mafi mahimmanci, jin daɗin mamaki.
Lokacin da farin foda ɗinmu mai launin alumina mai haɗe ba wai kawai zai iya goge gilashin agogo ba, har ma da niƙa guntu; ba wai kawai zai ƙarfafa tubalin da ke hana ruwa gudu ba, har ma ya goyi bayan fasahar zamani, to lallai mun ƙaura daga "masana'antu" zuwa "masana'antu masu fasaha." Wannan ƙaramin foda mai launin fari ba wai kawai yana ɗauke da daidaiton masana'antu ba, har ma da zurfin da juriyar masana'antar kayan masarufi ta ƙasa. Hanya a gaba tana da tsayi, amma alkibla a bayyane take - don yin nufin mafi girma, don kula da cikakkun bayanai, da kuma aiwatar da mafita masu amfani.