Ayyukan Sama da Ingancin Sarrafawa na Farin Fused Alumina Micropowder
Idan ana maganar niƙa da gogewa, ƙwararrun ma'aikata koyaushe suna cewa, "Mai ƙwararre dole ne ya fara wasa kayan aikinsa." A duniyar injinan da aka tsara,farin foda mai haɗe da alumina irin wannan "ƙarfin iko ne mai sauƙi." Kada ku raina waɗannan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta masu kama da ƙura; a ƙarƙashin na'urar hangen nesa, suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tantance ko aikin da aka yi a ƙarshe ya sami haske kamar madubi ko kuma ya gaza abin da ake tsammani. A yau, bari mu tattauna muhimman fannoni na alaƙar da ke tsakanin "aikin saman" na farin ƙarfen alumina da aka haɗa da kuma ingancin sarrafa shi.
I. Farin Micropowder na Alumina da aka Haɗa: Fiye da "Tauri" kawai
Farin alumina mai haɗe, wanda aka fi haɗa shi daα-alumina, an san shi da tsananin tauri da kuma kyakkyawan tauri. Duk da haka, idan aka yi shi da ƙananan foda, musamman samfuran da girman ƙwayoyin cuta da aka auna da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta ko ma nanometers, duniyarsa ta ƙara rikitarwa. A wannan lokacin, kimanta amfaninsa yana buƙatar fiye da kallon tauri kawai; "aikin saman" yana da mahimmanci.
Menene aikin saman? Za ku iya fahimtarsa ta wannan hanyar: Ka yi tunanin tarin ƙananan foda. Idan kowace ƙwayar cuta tana kama da ƙaramin ƙwallo mai santsi, tana "lafiya" ga juna, to hulɗarsu da saman aikin da ruwan niƙa ba ta da "aiki sosai," kuma aikinsu yana da jinkiri a zahiri. Amma idan waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta suna da "gefuna" ko kuma suna ɗauke da wasu "kayan aiki na musamman" ko "ƙungiyoyin sinadarai," to suna zama "aiki," suna "kama" saman aikin cikin sauƙi, kuma suna son warwatse daidai a cikin ruwan, maimakon taruwa tare da sassautawa. Wannan matakin aiki a cikin halayen zahiri da sinadarai na saman shine aikin saman sa.
Daga ina wannan aikin ya fito? Na farko, hanyoyin ƙwanƙwasawa da rarrabuwa su ne "masu siffantawa." Ɓangaren injiniya yana samar da sabbin wurare masu ƙarfi da ƙarfi, waɗanda ke haifar da babban aiki amma mai yuwuwar rarraba girman ƙwayoyin cuta; saman da aka shirya ta hanyoyin sinadarai wataƙila sun “tsarkake” kuma sun fi kama da juna. Na biyu, takamaiman yankin saman alama ce mai mahimmanci - mafi ƙarancin ƙwayoyin, mafi girman “yankin yaƙi” wanda zai iya tuntuɓar kayan aikin don nauyin iri ɗaya. Mafi mahimmanci, yi la'akari da yanayin saman: Shin kusurwa ne kuma yana da lahani (tare da wurare da yawa masu aiki), ko zagaye (yana da juriya ga lalacewa amma yana da ƙarancin ƙarfin yankewa)? Shin saman yana da ruwa ko kuma yana da oleophilic? Shin an yi masa “gyaran saman” na musamman, kamar shafa shi da silica ko wasu abubuwan haɗin gwiwa don canza halayensa?
II. Shin Babban Aiki "Maganin Duka" ne? Rawa Mai Hadari Tare da Ingancin Sarrafawa
A fahimta, yawan aikin saman yakamata ya zama yana nufin ƙarin ƙarfi da inganci wajen sarrafa ƙananan foda. A lokuta da yawa, wannan daidai ne. Ƙananan foda masu aiki sosai, saboda ƙarfin saman su mai yawa da ƙarfin sha, zasu iya "manne" ko "shiga" cikin saman kayan aikin da kayan aikin niƙa (kamar polishing pads), suna samun ci gaba da yanke ƙananan ƙura iri ɗaya. Musamman a cikin hanyoyin da suka dace kamar polishing na injiniyanci (CMP), saman ƙananan foda da kayan aikin (kamar silicon wafer) na iya fuskantar raunin amsawar sinadarai, suna laushi saman kayan aikin, wanda, tare da aikin injiniya, yana cirewa, yana cimma tasirin "1+1>2" mai santsi sosai. A wannan yanayin, aiki yana aiki azaman mai haɓaka inganci.
Duk da haka, abubuwa ba su da sauƙi haka. Ayyukan saman jiki takobi ne mai kaifi biyu.
Da farko, yawan aiki mai yawa yana haifar da babban yanayin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta su haɗu, su samar da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta ko ma manyan ƙwayoyin cuta. Ka yi tunanin wannan: abin da a da yake a da shi jerin ƙoƙarin mutum ɗaya yanzu yana taruwa wuri ɗaya, yana rage adadin ƙwayoyin da aka yanke yadda ya kamata. Waɗannan manyan ƙwayoyin cuta kuma suna iya barin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta a saman aikin, suna rage ingancin sarrafawa da inganci. Kamar ƙungiyar ma'aikata masu himma amma marasa haɗin kai ne ke taruwa wuri ɗaya, suna kawo cikas ga juna.
Na biyu, a wasu aikace-aikacen sarrafawa, kamar niƙa mai kauri ko yanke wasu kayan aiki masu tauri da rauni, muna iya buƙatar ƙananan barbashi don kiyaye "kaifi mai ƙarfi." Yawan aikin saman zai iya sa ƙananan barbashi su karye da lalacewa da wuri a ƙarƙashin tasirin farko. Duk da cewa ƙarfin yankewa na farko na iya zama mai ƙarfi, ƙarfinsa ba shi da kyau, kuma yawan cire kayan gabaɗaya na iya raguwa. A irin waɗannan yanayi, ƙananan barbashi masu saman da ya fi karko bayan maganin passivation mai dacewa, saboda gefuna masu ɗorewa da tauri, na iya bayar da ingantaccen aiki gaba ɗaya.
Bugu da ƙari, ingancin sarrafawa alama ce mai girma dabam-dabam: ƙimar cire kayan aiki, ƙaiƙayin saman, zurfin lalacewar saman ƙasa, kwanciyar hankali na tsari, da sauransu. Micropowders masu aiki sosai na iya samun fa'ida wajen cimma ƙarancin ƙaiƙayin saman (ingancin inganci), amma don cimma wannan babban inganci, wani lokacin yana da mahimmanci a rage matsin lamba ko gudu, a rage wasu ƙimar cirewa. Yadda ake daidaita daidaito ya dogara da takamaiman buƙatun sarrafawa.
III. "Hanyar da Aka Yi Daidai": Nemo Daidaito Mafi Kyau a Aikace-aikacen
Saboda haka, tattauna fa'idodin ayyukan saman sama ko ƙasa ba tare da la'akari da takamaiman yanayin aikace-aikacen ba shi da ma'ana. A cikin ainihin samarwa, muna zaɓar mafi dacewa "halayen saman" don takamaiman "aikin sarrafawa."
Don gogewa mai matuƙar daidaito (kamar ruwan tabarau na gani da wafers na semiconductor): manufar ita ce a sami cikakkiyar saman a sikelin atomic. A wannan yanayin, galibi ana zaɓar ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta masu aiki sosai tare da rarrabuwa daidai, rarrabawar girman barbashi mai kunkuntar, da saman da aka gyara da kyau (kamar su ɓoye silica sol) . Babban watsewarsu da hulɗar sinadarai masu haɗin gwiwa tare da slurry mai gogewa suna da mahimmanci. A nan, aiki galibi yana ba da "ingancin ƙarshe," yayin da ingantaccen aiki ana inganta shi ta hanyar sarrafa sigogin tsari daidai.
Ga kayan gogewa na gargajiya, kayan gogewa na bel, da kuma kayan gogewa na micronized da ake amfani da su a cikin ƙafafun niƙa: Ingantaccen aikin yankewa da kuma halayen kaifi kai suna da matuƙar muhimmanci. Foda mai kaifi yana buƙatar ya iya karyewa ƙarƙashin wani matsin lamba, yana fallasa sabbin gefuna masu kaifi. A wannan matakin, bai kamata aikin saman ya yi yawa ba don guje wa haɗuwa da wuri ko wuce gona da iri. Ta hanyar sarrafa tsabtar kayan da kuma hanyoyin yin sintering, samun foda mai kaifi tare da tsarin micronized mai dacewa (masu riƙe da wani ƙarfi mai haɗin kai maimakon kawai neman kuzarin saman) sau da yawa yana samar da ingantaccen aiki gabaɗaya.
Don aikace-aikacen dakatarwa da slurry masu tasowa: Daidaiton warwatsewar foda mai micronized yana da mahimmanci. Dole ne a yi amfani da gyaran saman (kamar dasa takamaiman polymers ko daidaita ƙarfin zeta) don samar da isasshen cikas na sitaci ko tursasawar lantarki, wanda zai ba shi damar tsayawa daidai na tsawon lokaci ko da a cikin yanayin aiki mai ƙarfi. A wannan yanayin, fasahar gyaran saman kai tsaye tana tantance ko za a iya amfani da aikin yadda ya kamata, ta hanyar guje wa ɓarna saboda lalata ko haɗuwa, don haka tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki mai dorewa.
Kammalawa: Fasahar Kwarewa a "Ayyuka" a Duniyar Microscopic
Bayan kun tattauna abubuwa da yawa, wataƙila kun fahimci cewa aikin samanfarin alumina mai haɗeBa wai kawai ingancin sarrafa micropowder da sarrafa su ba ne. Ya fi kama da aikin daidaita haske da aka tsara da kyau: ya zama dole a ƙarfafa "sha'awar aiki" na kowane barbashi, kuma ta hanyar tsari da fasaha, a hana su lalacewa a ciki ko kuma su fita daga iko saboda "sha'awa mai yawa." Kyawawan samfuran micropowder da dabarun sarrafawa masu inganci sun dogara ne akan zurfin fahimtar takamaiman kayan aiki da takamaiman manufofin sarrafawa, waɗanda suka haɗa da ƙira da sarrafa ayyukan saman micropowder. Ilimin da aka samu daga "fahimtar aiki" zuwa "magance aiki" ya ƙunshi sauyi na injinan zamani daga "sana'a" zuwa "kimiyya."
Lokaci na gaba da ka ga aikin hannu kamar madubi, wataƙila za ka iya tunanin cewa a wannan filin yaƙin da ba a gani ba, ƙwayoyin farin alumina da aka haɗa da foda suna shiga cikin yaƙin haɗin gwiwa mai inganci da tsari tare da "tsayawa masu aiki" waɗanda aka tsara da kyau. Wannan shine ƙaramin abin sha'awa na haɗin kai mai zurfi na kimiyyar kayan aiki da hanyoyin ƙera.