Alaƙa mara iyaka tsakanin farin corundum da fasaha ta gaba
Kowa a cikin da'irar fasaha ya san cewa sabbin kayayyaki kuɗi ne masu wahala. Wa zai yi tunanin hakan?farin corundum, wanda yayi kama da farin sukari, zai zama "mai tallata abin da ba a iya gani" na juyin juya halin fasaha na gaba. Daga kwakwalwan wayar hannu zuwa sassan Mars rover, daga kwamfutocin quantum zuwa na'urorin haɗakar nukiliya masu sarrafawa, ana iya samunsa ko'ina. A yau, bari mu cire wannan layin fasahar mu ga yadda wannan tsohon masanin fasaha yake yin manyan abubuwa a hankali.
1. "Kwayar halittar fasaha" mai baiwa
Abubuwan da ke da tauri na farin corundum an ƙera su ne kawai don fasahar zamani. Tare da tauri na Mohs na 9.0, numfashinsa ya fi lu'u-lu'u muni. Wata masana'antar injin daukar hoto a Shanghai ta gudanar da wani gwaji na kwatantawa. Tauri na saman layin dogo na jagora wanda aka goge da farin corundum zai iya kaiwa Ra0.008μm. Ma'aikaci Xiao Li ya riƙe kayan aikin ya bugi lebensa: "Da wannan daidaito, sauro zai karya ƙashi idan ya tsaya a kansa!"
Daidaiton zafin ya fi muni. Bayanai daga dakin gwaje-gwajen hadakar nukiliya da aka sarrafa a Qingdao sun nuna cewa yumbun da aka yi da farin corundum sun jure zafin jiki mai zafi na 2000℃ na tsawon awanni 100, kuma canjin girman bai kai 0.01% ba. Mai bincike Lao Wang ya shafa dakin injin ya ce: "Wannan kayan zai iya tsayawa a saman rana na tsawon kwana biyu!"
2. "Ɓoyayyun Zakarun" a filin Semiconductor
A fagen yaƙin nano-scale na kera guntu, farin corundum ya daɗe yana zama "shuni mai sharewa". Wata masana'antar wafer a Taizhou ta yi amfani da ƙaramin foda mai launin fari mai girman 0.1μm don yanke wafers na silicon, kuma an rage yawan rugujewar gefen zuwa 0.2‰. Jagora Lao Chen ya kalli na'urar hangen nesa ya yi dariya: "Yanzu yanke wafers ya fi inganci fiye da yanke tofu, kuma yawan amfanin ƙasa ya kai kashi 99.98% kai tsaye!"
Goge ruwan tabarau na lithography ya fi gaskiya. Bayanan da aka samu daga wani dakin gwaje-gwaje a Beijing abin birgewa ne: ana yi wa ruwan tabarau magani da farin ruwan goge nano mai launin corundum, kuma faɗin saman yana da tsawon λ/50. Daraktan fasaha Lao Liu ya yi nuni da hannu ya ce: "Wannan daidaiton yayi daidai da sanya madubin jirgin sama a Tekun Pacific!"
3. "Sarkin Matsi" a Masana'antar Jiragen Sama
Farin corundum shine ke da ikon yanke hukunci na ƙarshe wajen sarrafa sassan Mars rover. Wani masana'antar na'urorin sararin samaniya a Xi'an yana amfani da ƙafafun niƙa farin corundum don niƙa maƙallan ƙarfe na titanium, kuma ana sarrafa matsin da ya rage a saman zuwa cikin ±5MPa. Babban Injiniya Lao Zhang ya ce da sigari a bakinsa: "Da wannan matakin, Musk dole ne ya wuce sigari don neman shawara!"
Ruwan wukake na injinan sararin samaniya sun kai sabon matsayi. Bayanan wani kamfanin injinan jiragen sama a Chengdu abin birgewa ne: ruwan wukake masu launin fari da aka yi da yumbu mai siffar corundum, tare da juriyar zafin jiki har zuwa 1600℃. Direban gwaji Lao Li ya kalli dashboard ɗin ya yi ajiyar zuciya: "Da wannan aikin, injinan jiragen sama dole ne su kira baba!"
4. "Garantin Juriya" a cikin Sabon Tsarin Makamashi
Farin corundum yana da kyau sosai wajen yanke sandunan batirin mai ƙarfi. Wani masana'antar batir a Ningde an auna shi: ta amfani da wayar yashi mai launin corundum don yanke murfin graphene, tsayin burr ɗin yana ƙasa da 0.5μm. Daraktan bita Lao Zhou ya taɓa wayar batirin kuma ya ce cikin farin ciki: "Ƙarfin wannan batirin ya fi na Tesla kyau!"
5. "Bayyanar Fasaha ta Baƙi" ta Filin Yaƙin Gaba
Farin corundum yana da kyau wajen sanyaya kwamfutocin quantum. Wani dakin gwaje-gwaje a Hefei ya ƙirƙiro wani fim mai amfani da zafi na nano mai siffar farin corundum tare da ƙarfin watsa wutar lantarki na 400W/m·K. Mai bincike Lao Ma ya yi alfahari da cewa: "Yanzu watsar da zafi na ƙananan ƙwayoyin ya fi sauri fiye da shafa facin zazzabi!"
Kaya na farko na haɗin nukiliya a bango ya fi ƙarfin tauri. Farin yumbu mai haɗa corundum na cibiyar bincike a Mianyang yana da matakin lalacewar hasken neutron wanda ya fi na kayan gargajiya sau 6. Babban Injiniya Lao Zhao ya nuna injinan ya ce: "Wannan kayan zai kasance mai karko har sai an samar da injinan samar da wutar lantarki na kasuwanci!"