Amfani da Foda Alumina da Yawa a Masana'antar Motoci
Shiga cikin kowace mota ta zamani za ka samufoda na alumina yana yin ayyuka da yawa a hankali, amma ba kasafai ake lura da shi ga masu amfani ba. A yau, bari mu ɗaga murfin mu ga yadda wannan farin foda ke shiga cikin motsin "dukkan jikin" motar.
Ⅰ. "Kasusuwa Masu Tauri" na Kushin Birki
"Birar birki mai rauni? Wataƙila kayan gogayya ba su da ƙarfi!" wani ma'aikacin fasaha a masana'antar birki ya yi kuka yayin da yake gwada birkin. Ƙarfinsa abin mamaki ne: ƙara kashi 3%-5% kawai ga kayan gogayya na iya ƙara taurin saman sandar birki sosai. Yana kama da ƙaramin sulke, yana hana shi lalacewa ko faɗuwa a ƙarƙashin gogayya mai zafi. Bayanai daga Sabbin Kayan Aiki na Hangzhou Jikang sun nuna cewa ƙara wannan ƙarin yana inganta juriyar gogayya da kashi 15%, wanda hakan ya sa ya zama kayan aiki mai adana kuɗi ga taksi masu farawa da tsayawa akai-akai.
Shin juriyarsa ta fi kyau - tsatsa mai acid da alkali? Babu matsala! Yanayin zafi na 800°C? Ko da yake yana jurewa! Matsalolin tsatsa da ƙara na kushin birki na ƙarfe na gargajiya ana iya magance su cikin sauƙi ta amfani da dabarar yumbu da aka inganta ta nano-alumina.
II. "Gidan Zuma" don Tsarkake Iskar Gas
A wani masana'antar hada sinadarai a birnin Beijing, ma'aikata suna shafa wani abu mai kauri a kan wani abu mai siffar saƙar zuma. Tushen wannan abu shine gamma-phase. nano-aluminum, tare da faɗin saman 130-200 m²/g. Wannan yana nufin cewa gram ɗaya na wannan kayan, wanda aka shimfiɗa a kan rabin girman filin wasan ƙwallon kwando, yayi daidai da girman sau 3.
Lokacin da hayakin abin hawa ya ratsa waɗannan nano-coatings, ƙwayoyin carbon monoxide da nitrogen oxide suna shaƙewa sosai a saman ramukan alumina. Sai masu haɓaka ƙarfe masu daraja su ɗauki mataki, suna mayar da su zuwa iskar gas marasa lahani. Wani ma'aikacin fasaha a Jingcheng New Materials ya yi amfani da kwatancen: "Alumina kamar simintin gini ne, yana barin platinum da palladium, 'VIPs', su zauna da ƙarfi su yi aiki tuƙuru!"
Gwaje-gwaje sun nuna cewa masu kara kuzari suna amfani da 10-30nmaluminum ƙara yawan aiki a yanayin zafi da kusan kashi 20%—ma'ana tsaftace shaye-shaye cikin sauri koda a lokacin sanyi, wanda yake da mahimmanci don cika ƙa'idodin hayakin China VIb.
III. "Facin Sanyaya" don Fakitin Baturi
Me masu motocin sabbin makamashi ke fi tsoro? Yawan zafi a batiri! Wani injiniya a Hangzhou Jiupeng New Materials ya nuna wani bututu na gel mai kama da man goge baki: "Ka ga wannan sheƙi mai launin azurfa? Kashi 60% na shi alumina ne mai siffar zagaye!" Foda mai sarrafa zafi na alumina na CY-L15S yana aiki kamar "facin sanyaya" ga batirin.
Man shafawa na silicone na gargajiya yana da ƙarfin watsa zafi na 1.5W/mK kawai, yayin da gel ɗin da aka cika da alumina zai iya kaiwa sama da 6W/mK. Gwaje-gwajen da aka yi a kan fakitin batirin daga CATL sun nuna cewa ƙara wani Layer na watsa zafi na alumina ya rage bambancin zafin jiki a cikin ƙwayoyin batirin yayin caji da sauri daga 15°C zuwa cikin 5°C—ƙaramin bambancin zafin jiki, tsawon rayuwar batirin.
Shirin faɗaɗa Tianma New Materials ya ƙara tabbatar da buƙatu mai yawa: aikin samar da tan 5,000 na foda alumina mai yawan zafi da za a iya amfani da shi kowace shekara ya fara, wanda ke nufin kasuwar sanyaya tsarin lantarki uku na sabbin motocin makamashi.
IV. "Mutumin Ƙarfafawa" Mai Sauƙi
"Rage nauyi ba tare da rage ƙarfi ba" shine mabuɗin rage nauyi ga motoci. A cikin samfurin Sinadarin Shanghai Gaoquan, an haɗa wani ƙaramin foda na alumina mai girman α-phase 80-160 a cikin resin epoxy: "Ƙara shi zai iya rage kauri na bango na maƙallin bamper da 0.5mm, yayin da a zahiri yana ƙara ƙarfinsa!"
Ka'idar tana kama da simintin da aka ƙarfafa:barbashi na aluminasamar da "ƙasusuwa masu ƙananan yawa" a cikin filastik. Bayanai daga wani kamfanin kera motoci sun nuna cewa ƙara kashi 30% na alumina a cikin kayan polyamide a cikin murfin injin yana ƙara zafin canjin zafi daga 160°C zuwa 290°C - mai ceton rai ga abubuwan da ke kusa da turbocharger.
Har ma da mafi kyawun farashi: ƙarfafa zare na carbon yana da tsada kamar zinariya, yayin da haɗin alumina ke kashe kashi ɗaya bisa uku kawai.
V. Filogi mai walƙiya "Sulke mai hana ruwa gudu"
Ka wargaza wani abin toshewar injin, za ka ga walƙiyar micropowder mai zafi a kan abin rufe bakin yumbu. Rahoton gwaji daga masana'antar sinadarai ta Shanghai Gaoquan ya nuna cewa jikin yumbu, wanda ya ƙunshi kashi 96% na alumina mai α-phase, zai iya jure fashewar kwatsam a zafin 1700°C.
"Mun saba amfani da yumbu na yau da kullun, kuma suna fashewa da zubewa bayan kilomita 80,000." Babban injiniyan wani masana'antar walƙiya ya ɗaga wani sabon ƙirayumbu na aluminum jiki ya ce, "Yanzu, bayan kilomita 150,000, ko da wayoyin lantarki sun ƙone, yumbun yana nan lafiya!" Wannan ya faru ne saboda yanayin "ƙarfi" na alumina - ba ya rarrafe a yanayin zafi mai yawa kuma yana da ƙarancin haɓakar zafi, wanda hakan ya sa ya zama tushe mai ƙarfi a cikin "Dutsen Mai Faɗa" na silinda.
VI. "Sabon Ace" don Filin Yaƙin Nan Gaba
Ci gaba da ƙirƙirar Alumina ba tare da katsewa ba. Alumina mai sauƙin gyarawa ta ƙasa ta riga ta yi fice a dakin gwaje-gwaje: faifan birki da ke ɗauke da ƙaramin adadin yttrium oxide yana inganta juriyar lalacewa da kashi 10%, yayin da rufin mai haɓaka cerium oxide yana ƙara tsawon rai da kashi 30%.
Akwai ƙarin aikace-aikace na zamani a cikin ruwan tabarau na radar mai wayo - gilashin milimita-wave suna buƙatar kayan da ke watsa raƙuman ruwa da kuma watsa zafi. Wani kamfanin Hangzhou yana gwada kayan haɗin alumina/silicon: ma'aunin dielectric ɗinsa yana nan a 3.2, kuma ƙarfin zafinsa ya ninka na robobi na gargajiya sau biyar, wanda hakan ke ba radar damar "ganin" hanya daidai ko da a yanayin zafi na 120°C.
Daga motocin mai na gargajiya zuwa motocin lantarki masu wayo, sarkar darajarfoda na aluminayana ci gaba da faɗaɗawa. Ba zai taɓa bayyana a cikin ƙasidun abin hawa ba, amma idan muka riƙe sitiyarin, kowace birki mai aminci, kowace fitowar wutar lantarki mai inganci, da kowace fitar da iska mai tsabta ana kare ta a hankali ta wannan farin foda, wanda aka ɓoye daga gani.
Kuma tare da fitowar sabbin fagen daga kamar faifan kariya na batirin solid-state thermal insulation da kuma faranti na jagorar ƙwayoyin hydrogen, hanyar alumina ta zama "zakara mai ɓoye" ta ci gaba da faɗaɗa.